The debate over Brexit has been reignited following comments from Labour leadership contender Wes Streeting, who described the decision to leave the European Union as a 'catastrophic mistake' and advocated for the UK to rejoin the bloc. This has placed pressure on his rival Andy Burnham, who has previously expressed support for rejoining but is now campaigning in a by-election in the leave-voting Makerfield constituency.
Rejoining the EU: How Would It Work?
The process of rejoining the European Union would be complex and lengthy. The UK would need to apply under Article 49 of the Treaty on European Union, which requires candidate countries to meet the Copenhagen criteria—stable institutions, a functioning market economy, and the ability to implement EU laws. Negotiations would cover all aspects of membership, including the budget, the single market, and opt-outs like the euro or Schengen. The UK might seek to renegotiate the terms of its previous membership, but the EU has indicated that any new member would have to accept the current rules, including the euro and free movement.
Political and Legal Hurdles
Politically, the UK would need a strong domestic consensus to apply, which seems unlikely given the current divisions. Legally, the terms of the Withdrawal Agreement and the Trade and Cooperation Agreement would need to be unwound. The EU would also require unanimous approval from all member states, some of which may be reluctant to let the UK back in under favorable conditions.
Would the EU Agree to UK Rejoining?
The EU's response is uncertain. While some member states may welcome the UK's return, others might demand concessions or impose strict conditions. The EU has become more integrated since the UK left, and allowing a former member to rejoin could set a precedent. Jon Henley, the Guardian's Europe correspondent, notes that the EU would likely insist on full compliance with all obligations, including financial contributions and the jurisdiction of the European Court of Justice.
Impact on Labour Leadership
Streeting's comments have intensified the Labour leadership contest, with Burnham facing pressure to clarify his stance. The by-election in Makerfield, a constituency that voted heavily for Brexit, adds a strategic dimension. Both candidates must balance their pro-European views with the need to appeal to leave voters. The outcome could influence Labour's future policy direction on Europe.
As the debate continues, the practicalities of rejoining remain daunting. The UK would need to navigate a lengthy negotiation process, secure domestic support, and address the concerns of both EU member states and British voters. Whether rejoining is feasible or desirable remains a contentious issue.
