Experts warn that many everyday cosmetics and personal care products contain chemicals that may harm health. According to Dr Shanna Swan, professor at the Icahn School of Medicine, endocrine disruptors in these products can 'mimic, block or otherwise disrupt normal hormone function, leading to adverse health effects.'
Phthalates, found in fragrances, plastics and cosmetics such as hairspray and nail polish, are linked to fertility issues, early puberty and some cancers. Alexa Friedman of the Environmental Working Group advises avoiding vague 'fragrance' labels and ingredients ending in 'phthalate'. Brands like Ilia, Westman Atelier and Weleda avoid these chemicals.
Parabens, used as preservatives in makeup and skincare, are also endocrine disruptors. Long-chain parabens such as propylparaben and butylparaben may contribute to hormonal imbalances and reproductive harm, says Dr Federica Amati of Zoe. Many brands now offer paraben-free options, including Drunk Elephant and The Ordinary.
Fragrance chemicals often hide phthalates or volatile compounds that can trigger allergies and disrupt hormones. Lilial, a common fragrance ingredient, was banned in the UK and EU in 2022. Experts recommend choosing fragrance-free products from brands like Avène and La Roche-Posay.
Formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasers, used in nail and hair products as preservatives, are known carcinogens and can cause respiratory irritation. Consumers are urged to check labels and use databases like EWG's Skin Deep to identify harmful ingredients.
