China's latest demographic data reveals a historic shift: for the first time in over seven decades, the country now has more people aged 65 and above than children under 15. According to official statistics, approximately 15.87 per cent of China's nearly 1.4 billion population is aged 65 or older, compared to 15.25 per cent aged between 0 and 14.
Deepening population decline
This milestone underscores China's deepening population decline, which poses significant economic and social challenges. The aging population threatens to strain healthcare systems, reduce the workforce, and slow economic growth. The decline is largely attributed to the former one-child policy, rapid urbanisation, high childcare costs, and gender discrimination.
Government response
In response, Chinese authorities have unveiled proposals to integrate youth development into urban planning and foster a 'childbirth-friendly society' by 2030. These measures aim to encourage higher birth rates and mitigate the demographic imbalance.
The shift has broad implications for China's future, including potential labour shortages, increased pension burdens, and a shrinking tax base. Analysts warn that without significant policy changes, the trend may accelerate, exacerbating existing challenges.
